List of Organs Damaged by Smoking Expanded

Smoking causes diseases in nearly every organ of the body, according to a comprehensive report on smoking and health from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Published 40 years after the surgeon generals first report on smoking -- which concluded that smoking was a definite cause of three serious diseases -- this newest report finds that cigarette smoking is conclusively linked to diseases such as leukemia, cataracts, pneumonia, and cancers of the cervix, kidney, pancreas, and stomach. Weve known for decades that smoking is bad for your health, but this report shows that its even worse than we knew, said U.S. Surgeon General Richard H. Carmona in a press release. The toxins from cigarette smoke go everywhere the blood flows. Im hoping this new information will help motivate people to quit smoking and convince young people not to start in the first place. According to the report, smoking kills an estimated 440,000 Americans each year. On average, men who smoke cut their lives short by 13.2 years, and female smokers lose 14.5 years. The economic toll exceeds $157 billion each year in the United States -- $75 billion in direct medical costs and $82 billion in lost productivity. We need to cut smoking in this country and around the world, HHS Secretary Tommy G. Thompson said. Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disease, costing us too many lives, too many dollars, and too many tears. If we are going to be serious about improving health and preventing disease we must continue to drive down tobacco use. And we must prevent our youth from taking up this dangerous habit. In 1964, the Surgeon Generals report announced medical research showing that smoking was a definite cause of cancers of the lung and larynx (voice box) in men and chronic bronchitis in both men and women. Later reports concluded that smoking causes a number of other diseases such as cancers of the bladder, esophagus, mouth, and throat; cardiovascular diseases; and reproductive effects. The report, The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General, expands the list of illness and conditions linked to smoking. The new illnesses and diseases are cataracts, pneumonia, acute myeloid leukemia, abdominal aortic aneurysm, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, kidney cancer and periodontitis. Statistics indicate that more than 12 million Americans have died from smoking since the 1964 report of the surgeon general, and another 25 million Americans alive today will most likely die of a smoking-related illness. The reports release comes in advance of World No Tobacco Day, an annual event on May 31 that focuses global attention on the health hazards of tobacco use. The goals of World No Tobacco Day are to raise awareness about the dangers of tobacco use, encourage people not to use tobacco, motivate users to quit and encourage countries to implement comprehensive tobacco control programs. Impacts of Smoking on Overall Health The report concludes that smoking reduces the overall health of smokers, contributing to such conditions as hip fractures, complications from diabetes, increased wound infections following surgery, and a wide range of reproductive complications. For every premature death caused each year by smoking, there are at least 20 smokers living with a serious smoking-related illness. Another major conclusion, consistent with recent findings of other scientific studies, is that smoking so-called low-tar or low-nicotine cigarettes does not offer any health benefit over smoking regular or full-flavor cigarettes. There is no safe cigarette, whether it is called light, ultra-light, or any other name, Dr. Carmona said. The science is clear: the only way to avoid the health hazards of smoking is to quit completely or to never start smoking. The report concludes that quitting smoking has immediate and long-term benefits, reducing risks for diseases caused by smoking and improving health in general. Within minutes and hours after smokers inhale that last cigarette, their bodies begin a series of changes that continue for years, Dr. Carmona said. Among these health improvements are a drop in heart rate, improved circulation, and reduced risk of heart attack, lung cancer, and stroke. By quitting smoking today a smoker can assure a healthier tomorrow. Dr. Carmona said it is never too late to stop smoking. Quitting smoking at age 65 or older reduces by nearly 50 percent a persons risk of dying of a smoking-related disease. Unexpected Organs Damaged by Smoking Aside from the major organs—heart, lungs, brain, stomach, etc.—cigarette smoking and excessive exposure to secondhand smoke can cause damage to some unexpected parts of the body, according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Ears: By reducing the flow of oxygen to the cochlea, a snail-shaped organ in the inner ear, smoking can damage the cochlea, resulting in mild to moderate hearing loss.   Eyes: Besides increasing the risk of blindness from cataracts, nicotine from cigarettes reduces the body’s ability to produce the chemical necessary for being able to see at night, especially dangerous when driving after dark. Mouth: Long known for causing disfiguring and potentially fatal oral cancers, cigarette smoke is now known to cause smokers to have more mouth sores, ulcers and gum diseases than non-smokers. In addition, smokers are more likely to have tooth decay and lose their teeth at a younger age. Skin and Face: By causing the skin to become dry and lose its elasticity, smoking can lead to stretch marks and wrinkles. By their early 30s, many regular smokers have already developed deep wrinkles around their mouth and eyes. According to the NHLBI, quitting smoking can protect the skin from premature aging.

The High Middle Ages - 1314 Words

John Foster HIS-109 March 6, 2014 Professor Carta The High Middle Ages The Christian religions rise to supremacy in the middle ages was the result of several factors. Christians had long been persecuted by the Roman Empire because the Romans felt that Christianity challenged and offended the Greco-Roman Gods and the Christians were prone to revolt against Roman rule. Christianity survived because it had many teachings that appealed to the downtrodden in Roman society, these teachings being that even though they were suffering they would gain equality and possibly superiority in the next life, Christianity gave them hope. When Emperor Constantine â€Å"converted† to Christianity, this conversion is not fact and often debated, after†¦show more content†¦People of means provided protection for those in the lower classes in return for loyalty to them. This system allowed the people to have a sense of security and developed a sense of cooperation between the classes. Monarchs owned the land and he would divide the land that he did not need up between the men who were called lords in return for loyalty to him in times of war. The lords enlisted soldiers who were called knights to be the fighting force in these wars. The lowest people in the feudal system were called peasants; these people farmed the land to provide food and provided other services for the kingdom in exchange for protection. The rise of towns in the late middle ages had a direct effect on the feudal system in the middle ages. As agricultural practices improved production of crops was accomplished with less labor this allowed farmers to turn their attention to other endeavors which allowed them to make more money. The noble class was forced to sell the peasants their freedom so they could fund the crusades, pay loans and buy luxury items. The peasants not being tied to the farm, produced goods that could be sold at the local market place which gave many the funds to by their freedom. The market place where they sold these goods was located along trade routes, towns evolved from these market places. With the ability to buy their freedom most of the peasants moved to these growing towns looking for work. Most hadShow MoreRelatedThe Crusades of the High Middle Ages Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crusades of the High Middle Ages The Crusades of the High Middle Ages (a.d. 1050-1300) was a period of conquest or rather, reconquest, of Christian lands taken from Muslims in the early Middle Ages. It is an era romanticized by fervent Christians as the time when Christianity secured its honorable status as the true religion of the world. The affect of the Crusades is still with us today. It sailed from Spain and Portugal to the Americas in the fifthteenth century aboard sailing shipsRead MoreTransforming the High Middle Ages Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesculture reflected the economic, political, and social changes from the 11th through 14th centuries. The life and monarchy of the English nation during the High Middle Ages relied heavily on the influences of the Normans, the Christian church, and technology. The educational and technological innovations developed in England during the High Middle Ages brought quick improvements in agriculture, war, and knowledge. Education and scholasticism were encouraged and were increasing in importance. â€Å"ThomasRead MorePeasants During The High Middle Ages887 Words   |  4 PagesPeasants in Manorial Villages vs. Townspeople. Life in the high middle ages, between 1000 and 1300 A.D., had two kinds of communities, manorial villages and towns. The major difference in these two distinct types of communities was the freedom and rights of the people. In the manorial villages you had lords who owned large portions of land. The vassals who entered into a military obligation with the lords, in exchange for land and protection. Finally, serfs who were a class of people that workedRead More The Dominance of Gothic Architecture in The High Middle Ages1366 Words   |  6 PagesWhen one sees the Notre Dame de Paris cathedral in person or in pictures they are likely to be awestruck. The twin towers of the western faà §ade rise high into the sky, seemingly in an attempt to scrape heaven. Spiky arches seem to grow out of the sides and claw at the ground. Inside it is cavernous with colored light filtering in through the large, intricate stained glass windows. All of these physical qualities make Notre Dame a pr ime example of Gothic architecture. It does not stand aloneRead MoreThe Changes in the Catholic Church during the High Middle Ages972 Words   |  4 Pageschurch was undergoing a cleansing process regarding the different religions that were practiced. Now, women were active participants in the spiritual movements of the age. The amount if women joining religious houses increased rapidly as new orders spread throughout the twelfth century. Mysticism reached new heights in the High Middle Ages. Mysticism gave people the chance to achieve an intuitive and emotional relationship with God. People believed in idea that people could be able to touch or attainRead More Humanities in the Early, High And Late Middle Ages Essay2132 Words   |  9 Pagesthe effects and developments that the humanities of the Early, High and Late Middle ages had on society. We have made some very interesting findings and come up with some intriguing conclusions. The findings are most definitely in conden sed form for the simplicity of our assignment, although if given an unbridled word count, surely we would demonstrate volumes of text form such interesting periods. 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Throughout the Medieval Period there was major contact between societies, key beliefs in which influenced behaviour, significant people and technology or trade which have shaped the world we live in today. During the Middle Ages,interactionsRead MoreThe Era Of The Middle Ages1666 Words   |  7 Pagesillogical amount of moil had to be done from all of mankind, from servants who were settled in the village, to peasants on the countryside nearby. Unfortunately, this was a reality for people who lived in a time period situated with the name of The Middle Ages. As these people lived within the lowest social class, their lives were filled with many mishaps. During this era of history, servants had a heavy load on their shoulders--many goods were to be crafted, while diligent peasants were off plantingRead MoreInfluence Of The Middle Ages1926 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluential moments that occurred. So to speak, the middle ages were one of the most critical points in history, including the early, middle, and late stages of it; in which all refer to the same time period but broken down into smaller segments due to many occurrences during each time. Although there were several events that infl uenced the middle ages, the High Middle Ages was a time in which best represents the entire time period due to its high concentration of noteworthy, and significant events

Digitizing Practices and Systems †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Digitizing Practices and Systems. Answer: Introduction: One more function that can help the management in taking decisions in a case like this, will be to make use of efficient BI tools, that will store the details about all the employees, a calculate the wages that must be paid on the basis of the specific details that are provided by the management. It will help in proper sorting of the employees as per the specific level of demands and in case there is any abnormality it can send alert to the management. That will ensure that the management is able to make profitable decisions by paying only what is needed. It will also help in taking the cessions fast and without any errors(Arnott, et al., 2017). 4b) In case the ABC contractors Ltd are going to hire all the employees that are above and at level 4, the company will calculate the total amount of wages that the company will be required to pay the workers will be charged from the contractors and the classification of the same is shown below under. There are total six employees of the company who fall under this category with different wage rates. The total calculation is shown below. name level wage rate no of hours worked overtime hour total amount to be paid Paris Hilton 5 70 45 9 3330 Ricky mortini 4 60 52 16 3600 Jennifer lopeez 6 80 36 2880 Russel Creak 6 80 34 2720 Rafael Nooderly 4 60 44 8 2880 Kath Hudson 6 80 52 16 4320 19730 Over the years we have seen a shift in the overall process of business intelligence. From being an integral part of the IT department, it has moved to the business. It is no more related to the use of IT companies and has shifted from being an IT burden to an important part of the business. This trend is going to rise in the coming years, given that the companies have been able to develop self service business tools and has led to an increase in the overall data. Experts have commented that the business analytics is the final year where it is moving from the IT department, used only by the IT companies to more persuasive business use, business led analytics of service. The organization of the modern world, will continue to use these business intelligence tools, that are very fast, agile, easy to use and can be customized as per the need of the business. It helps to create the overall enterprise value from the use of diverse data sources(Visinescu, et al., 2017). That is the growing t rend of the use of the business intelligence tools. More and more companies are switching to BI tools rather for development. The major five biggest growing trends in this arena of business intelligence tools are - Growth in the demand of self service BI tools, that are less governed. Though lack of governance might lead to a lot of inconsistencies, however it helps the business to grow by giving the power in the hands of the user. There has been a growth in the predictive analytics, where instead of commenting and making useful use of the past data, the companies are now trying to use the tools of BI to comment and predict the future scenarios that will help them I taking important decisions with regard to the business. There has been constant flow of growth in the data, as the generation has become internet savvy, with the attachment of the physical data to the World Wide Web, the flow of data is constant and thus it gives the companies to churn out their requirements from the palpable sources that they might find on the internet(Kohtamki, 2017). Previously BI tools where there only to identify the changes in the overall data flow, it only led to data calculation and storing it. But now with the advent to technology, it can predict any abnormal changes in the data that is stored, anything that is contrary from the regular is caught by the BI tools, and an alarm is sent to the management. There has been a growth in the purpose built BI tools, where the companies can customize these tools as per needs. A single platform previously was designed to carter to the needs of all the companies but with time we see that may not be useful for many companies. Hence the trend of custom built BI tools has been designed that will be helpful for the success of the organization Two features of commonly used business intelligence tools that can help in decision making are- The commonly used business intelligence tools like Sisense, DOMO, BIRT etc, are very fast and capable to churn and store large amount of data at the same time. This helps the managers in data processing, and sooner the data will be processed the companies can make better use of the same. It reduces the need of manual labor and since everything is system generated there are very low of chances of error in the same. Thus it eventually helps the management in taking important decisions with regard to the data that is processed(Trieu, 2017). Nowadays apart from storing the data and processing it, the BI tools can easily recognize if there are any errors and send alarms to the management. For example, if the purchase number has an unnatural decline over a particular week than the system will catch the same and send an alert to the management. Anything that is against the routine matter and that involve any kind of suspicion, is caught by the system thus that will helping avoiding a lot of errors. The companies will be able to important decisions on the basis of these tools, without any hesitations(Laursen Thorlund, 2016) Refrences Arnott, D., Lizama, F. Song, Y., 2017. Patterns of business intelligence systems use in organizations. Decision Support Systems, Volume 97, pp. 58-68. Kohtamki, M., 2017. Real-time Strategy and Business Intelligence: Digitizing Practices and Systems. Finland: Palgrave Macmillan. Laursen, G. Thorlund, J., 2016. Business Analytics for Managers: Taking Business Intelligence Beyond Reporting. Second ed. CANADA: Wiley Publisher. Trieu, V., 2017. Getting value from Business Intelligence systems: A review and research agenda. Decision Support Systems, Volume 93, pp. 111-124. Visinescu, L., Jones, M. Sidorova, A., 2017. Improving Decision Quality: The Role of Business Intelligence. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 57(1), pp. 58-66.